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| 0672 |
Southern Tibet : vol.7 |
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OCR Text
few lake basins or depressions which, therefore, are situated in the midst of the
Kwen-lun System. Two of these basins are considerably larger than the average
basins along the southern foot of the system, and one of them, that of the Lake
Ayagh-kum-köl, belongs to the very largest of the whole plateau-land. It has an area
of 26,550 sq. km., whereas the other basin, that of Achik-köl, is not half as large,
or 12,200 sq. km. Comparing the absolute altitude of these two lakes with that of
one of the southern Kwen-lun lakes, for instance No. II, we find how the lake basins
of this part of Tibet gradually become lower from south to north, No. II having an
altitude of 4900 m., Achik-köl of 4365 m., and Ayagh-kum-köl of 3867 m.
The next series of lakes is not quite as sharply defined as those along the
base of the Kwen-lun, though here the route of Wellby and Malcolm is of great
assistance. To the same series belong some lakes described by DEASY, RAWLING,
DE RHINS, LITTLEDALE and myself. Some of the most important, in all ten, are entered
in my list. Their basins are as a rule comparatively small, that of Lake Markham¹ being
the largest with an area of 5275 square km. As to the proportion between the
area of the lake and the area of its drainage basin, no general rule can be traced.
In one case, viz., the little lake to the E. N. E. of Chang-lung-yogma, its area is
only 1/16 of its drainage basin, while my lake No. XVIII as well as Arport-tso are ¼ of
their drainage basins.
Proceeding one step farther south I have calculated the areas of thirteen lakes
and their basins, all belonging to the central parts of the plateau-land. The number
of such lakes is of course very great, though I have only chosen those the surroundings
of which are fairly well known. They are not bounded by a latitudinal valley
between two mountain systems, but are only taken at random here and there in
the central parts of Tibet. The largest of these lakes is the one called Lac des
Hemiones by de Rhins and having an area of 562 sq. km. according to his map.
Both its form and its size are, however, doubtful, especially as DE RHINS and GRENARD
call its northern half No. 5 and its southern half No. 6. Probably it is two lakes,
perhaps one fresh and one salt, as is an ordinary combination on the plateau-land.
The largest drainage basin of the group in question, viz., the one I discovered in
1901, has an area of 7550 sq. km. Here the relation between the lake and its
drainage area is as 1:50, whereas the same relation in the case of Lac des Hemiones
is 1:6. Of course, these figures are only approximate.
The next series of lake basins shows a high degree of continuity. It begins
in the west with Panggong-tso and comes to an end in the east with Selling-tso.
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386
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467
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478
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488
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563
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573
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583
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593
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605
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635
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656
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670
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681
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693
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704
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714
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726
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747
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758
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773
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788
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801
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813
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833
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848
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864
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876
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888
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