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| 0399 |
Southern Tibet : vol.7 |
Citation Information
OCR Text
The general character of the great highlands north of India was a puzzle to
geographers fifty years ago. JOHNSON reported the existence of an open road from
Ilchi around the eastern extremity of the Kwen-lun Mountains, by which wheeled
carriages could pass from the Himalayas direct into the plains of Central Asia. MOOR-
CROFT had already told us: »The trade between Hindoostan and Khotan was formerly
very extensive; and it is even said, though I presume rather figuratively, that a
loaded cart could go all the way from Nugeebad to Sureckeea (Sarik-kia), in the
mountains of Khotan. The road from Sureckeea towards Hindoostan is reported to
have passed by Rudokh and Gurkh-dokh, (Gartok).»¹ To this Sir Henry Yule, who was
more clear-sighted than other geographers of his time, remarked:² »The details of
Moorcroft's information on this matter were probably incorrect, for it does not seem
consistent with ascertained facts, as exhibited in Col. Walker's map, that there should
be a road passable for carts from Rudokh, on the plains of Chang-thang, to the
Karakash River.»
In 1868 Sir HENRY RAWLINSON did not believe in any Russian danger »from
beyond the chains of the Kuen-lun and Kara-korum», to which he adds the Hindu-
kush. »Although the routes over these chains may be perfectly practicable for commerce,
they are quite impracticable to the march of an army, not on account of physical
difficulties, but from the want of supplies.»³
A few years later Sir Henry recognizes the unity of the entire mass, and
writes that the whole country between India and Tartary may be considered as a
broad mountain range, the Himalaya forming the southern crest, and the Kwen-lun
the northern.⁴ When speaking of the PUNDIT'S journey to Tengri-nor, Sir Henry,
the same year, presumed that the lofty mountains north of Tengri-nor were the
eastern prolongation of the Kwen-lun.⁵
In his article: A Prince of Kâshgar on the Geography of Eastern Turkestan,⁶
SHAW expresses some very clever views regarding the orography.
He says of MIRZA HAIDAR:
Our author evidently considers all that lies between Yârkand and Khotan on the
one side, and India on the other, as one great mountain-mass; in the same way as that
which divides Yârkand from Badakhshân, or Kâshghar from Khokand, only, the mass
widens as it runs round by south and east. He is not troubled by any theories about the
mountains of Sanju (the Kuen-Lun) not forming a part of the same mass. This mass is
composed of many subordinate ridges, but they combine to form one grand system. No
one of these subordinate ridges or ranges (such as the so-called Kuen-Lun) deserves to be
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681
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704
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773
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788
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801
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833
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848
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864
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876
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888
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National Institute of Informatics
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