IIIFカラー高解像度
国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
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| IIIFカラー高解像度 |
| Southern Tibet : vol.3 | |
| 南チベット : vol.3 |
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引用情報
IIo
BRIAN HODGSON AND THE NYENCHHEN-THANGLA CHAIN.
to these parts, and are as unknown to the Tibetans as Koko-shili, Buka-magna and Napchitai-ulan-muren, Mongolian names in the north-east. But the Turki tribes, in this easy way introduced in Tibet by Hodgson, were accepted by Saunders, Atkin-
son and many others.
Brian Hodgson's Sketch map of the principal natural divisions of the Himalaya of 1857, Pl. XV, also contains his range north of the Tsangpo, called »the Nyenchhen-thangla Chain». It is drawn as a »worthy rival of the Himalaya» with surprising details quite unknown both to Chinese and European geographers. It is sufficient for us to remember that such a range does not exist in reality. The real Nien-chen-tang-la is a mighty range on the southern side of Tengri-nor, which was known from d'Anville's map and the Ta-ch'ing map. The only difference is that Hodgson, 1857, has altogether deformed and destroyed the almost correct and very conscientious representation on the Chinese maps, of which he at least knew the version of d'Anville. The western continuation is taken from Humboldt's map in Asie Centrale, or from Grimm's Atlas to Ritter's geography. But instead of Humboldt's very light and conventional way of marking the range Dzang and instead of Grimm's and Klaproth's very serious and scientific work, which was founded on real knowledge and critically sifted, Hodgson has invented a range which neither on the earth nor in the books has any foundation whatever.
In the western part the great range is one degree north of the »Gangri Range» which surrounds »Mapang L.» in the north, east and S.E., without any sort of connection with the Nyenchhen-thdnglå. It is this Gangri Range which is called the watershed of Tibet. The legend to Nyenchhen-thdngld: »Separating Southern from Northern Tibet» is, as we have seen, word for word taken from Ritter.
North of Nyenchen-thdngld is »Northern Tibet or Hor Sok Yeul», which already Desideri knew was called Chang-tang. Immediately north of Nyenchen-thånglå is entered the curious legend : Horyeul or Turk land Horyeul Sokyeul or Mongol land», showing the Turkis as living somewhere between Nganglaring-tso and Transhimalaya and the Mongols between Tengri-nor and Nyenchhen-thdngld, although already Klaproth had placed the Sokyul and Sokpas in the Koko-nor province, where they are still to be found.
The Tsangpo has got the names given by Klaproth : »The Sanpu river Yarutsangpochu or Yåru of Tsang. Eru vel Aru, Yeru vel Yåru, vel Yårutsångpo River.» In this long selection of names we miss the »Tamchokhamba», which in the text is said to be the river which forms the western boundary of the province of U. One almost gets the impression that Hodgson did not know that Tamchok-kamba was one of the names of the Tsangpo.
The northern tributaries of the Tsangpo are drawn with a touching regularity. They gradually increase in dimensions towards the east. Every second one has two . distinct branches, those between them only one. They seem to have a mere decorative purpose, and have nothing at all in common with d'Anville's and Klap-
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