国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

I16   THOMSON, HOOKER, CAMPBELL AND CUNNINGHAM.

not run southwards nor terminate at the great lake, nor can it be the boundary of the U' and Tsang provinces. A continuation of it, however, running from Jamalûng to the lake is meridional or follows a south direction, and seems to end at the lake, though Klaproth carries it much further south, viz. to Dôd, under the name of Ganglagangri. This portion of the range may mark the boundary of the two great provinces. But the route according to Klaproth, leaves it far on the right and crosses it where it has a W and E course parallel to the great river.»

On the Ta-ch'ing map Kambala is entered. D'Anville has the range as a latitudinal ridge crossed by the road but without name. Desideri and Beligatti give a good description of the pass and the road. In GEORGI's Alj5habetum Tibetanum, Rome 1762, we find, already in the index the following notice: »Kambala. Ex illius vertice Indi & Tibetani viatores religioso ritu salutant nivosos montes.» The situation of Shigatse in relation to the river has been described by Turner. In this connection Hodgson does not give any particulars about Klaproth's range north of and parallel to the river. Judging from Ryder's map the range of Kamba-la is obviously parallel with the course of the Tsangpo, as should be expected. In this paper, published in 1848, Hodgson says the Kamba-la cannot be the boundary of the U' and Tsang provinces. In 1856 he is of the opposite opinion. I A southern continuation of the range he says, in 1848, may be the boundary. As to the watershed Hodgson's opinion is this: »Klaproth makes Chumalari, not Himachal, the great water shed of this part of Tibet; so also Turner. The snowy range is here, no doubt broken with inner and outer ridges, whereof Chumalari is (for us) the inner and apparently the most elevate, though Cholo is also of vast elevation. From Chumalari the rivers of the route flow south to India and north to the Sanpil.»

Campbell adds a few words regarding the Great Mountain Ranges crossed on

the route. The first is Himalaya proper, visible from Darjiling, crossed at »Chola» eleven stages from Darjiling. The second is the »Yeung range» crossed on the fourteenth march from Phari. The third is the »Karoo range», said to be very lofty and crossed on the third march from Yeung la. The fourth is the »Kamba range),, said to be the most lofty in Tibet and crossed on the eighth march from Karoola. It divides the Digarchi and Lassa jurisdictions. »The Kamba range runs southwards, terminating at the great lake of Yamdo Yeum. It is not given in Pemberton's map, but in Mr. Hodgson's route from Nipal to Tazedo, on the Chinese

frontier.» 2

I See above p. 109.

2 Dr A. Campbell has written another article on »Routes from Darjeeling to Thibet». He says he would not again be a contributor of conjectural information regarding this portion of the Himalaya if anything at all was known to the Society of its geography, »or if circumstances did not preclude the obtaining of precise information by the travels and observations of competent geographers». All his itineraries are compiled from native travellers. There is: i. a route from Darjeeling to Shigatse; 2. a route from Darjeeling to Yamgatcha; 3. a route vicz Lachen and the Latong Pass; 4. a route from Darjeeling to Chumbi; 5. a route from Darjeeling to Shigatse. All these itineraries are now without value, although they may have had some importance at the time they were collected and published.