国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

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right slopes are dry, but also cut by deep furrows from the crest, which separates the valley from its eastern neighbour, the Raga-tsangpo.

The rocks in which the Kanglung-shärki had cut its valley are sandstone; it had now a partly ice-covered brook. Even above the right tributary Nilungkongma some tussock grass appears. At Lungle, Camp 164, the height is 5 251 m. Here a comparatively large tributary, Tiblung-nakpo, in the background of which some high snowy parts of Chomo-uchong appear, comes in from the south, between 3 m high terraces, and from the north Nilung-parva and Nilung-ongma, both small.

Below the little valley Tegung from the left side, where the rocks are sandstone, the valley becomes more narrow, deep and marked, and has a much more accentuated, peripheric character than the Raga-tsangpo and its tributaries. From the right side Ukchölung is a great, Yelung-kongma, Yelung-parva and Yelung-ongma small tributaries. The bottom of the valley is nothing but gravel, tussock-grass, swamps, ice-sheets, springs and more or less interrupted terraces 3 or 4 m high; the brook has about half a cubic m of water, perfectly clear, from melting snow and springs. Through the opening of the great tributary, Lombo-kanchen are to be seen the snowy peaks of Chomo-uchong, and even a small glacier. Above this valley are three smaller ones: Tsa-karpo-kablung, Tiblung-tinging and Ngo-taktak-lungchung. Through the right tributary, Rungchung, small snow-covered peaks are visible to the north, probably belonging to the Kanchung-gangri. Then follows from the left the great valley Lombo-kanchung, coming from the same snow-massive as the Lombo-kanchen. On the right side of the main valley the rocks are steep, on the left the slopes are moderate and rounded; but above these hills rise rugged rocks and finally snow- and ice-covered peaks. Only at the left side is the erosion terrace developed, on the right the river sweeps direct along the rocks. Avara is a valley from the left, and Tagelung another from the opposite side. At Yelungmarvo the bottom of the valley is only some 5o m broad.

Finally the valley joins the Argäp-rong, which is the main valley and contains more water; it comes from N. 23° E., and the joint valley continues to the S.S.W.; therefore the road here turns in a right angle round the Chomo-uchong group, which, consequently, always remains on our left. At the junction the rock is porphyry. Kanglung-tsaka is a place where hot springs formerly existed, as can be seen from the concretions of sand and lime below the erosion terrace; the springs were destroyed not long ago, on an occasion when the river was much swollen.

The valley is narrow and the mountains on both sides steep and high; Tobonakpo is a valley from the left through which the heights of Chomo-uchong again appear to the S.E. The rock is here quartzite. At Pangsetak, Camp 165, the height is 4 916 m, giving a fall of more than 600 m from Kanglung-la.

Below this point the erosion terraces are some I2 m high; Namchen and Nakie-lung are tributaries, below which the main valley becomes very narrow and wild; the mountains at the right side are steep, sometimes nearly perpendicular, as

TIIE THIRD CROSSING.