8 MY FIRST JOURNEY IN NORTH-EASTERN TIBET.
pansion of the glen on the right side of the stream there stand a dozen old gnarled toghraks. At Hunglughu the dark rock forms on both sides a pretty solid mass, pierced by fissures. Otherwise the mountains are built up of soft material. Close to the left side of the brook stands the butte of Munar-dung, composed of hard gravel-and-shingle. The nearest glen-wall consists of a hard, reddish rock, probably granite, cropping out in knobs and bosses, without stratification. Near to Tatlik-bulak and a little way up the glen there occurs a very hard rock, dark and coarsely crystalline, without any distinct dip, but with veins permeating it in all directions, the cleavages in which have given rise to deep disintegration. On the right-hand side of the glen this rock forms a steep and sharply accentuated wall.
As we proceeded farther up the glen, the brook gradually grew fuller of body, and at Tatlik-bulak it hugs closely the foot of the cliffs on the right-hand side. The water was slightly muddy, and had a scarce perceptible percentage of salt. At 9 p. m. its temperature was 12.8° C., while that of the air was 20°. The brook, the source of which we were to reach on the following day, is lost amongst the disintegrated gravel not far below Hunglughu. Parallel to the glen of Tatlik-bulak there is said to be a broad, level, waterless glen called Kurghaning-chaltasi, coming down between the spurs whose extremities we passed and the range in which the peak D is situated.
The spot where we made Camp. No. II derives its name of Tatlik-bulak *, or the Fresh Spring, from a small spring which gushes out of the perpendicular graveland-shingle cliff on the left-hand . side of the glen. Its water was perfectly fresh and as clear as crystal, and had a temperature of exactly I o° C. The little rivulet it forms soon unites with the glen brook. The top of the gravel-and-shingle terrace is crowned by a cairn of stones and a couple of poles bearing the inscriptions -»P. Splingaert, 1894», and »C. E. Bonin, 1899». A little way higher up there are some poplars standing in a crevice of the rocks. Although the species were few, the vegetation as a whole was tolerably abundant; in the rivulet from the spring I observed a species of Algae and a succulent kind of moss. Immediately below the spring the tamarisks form a luxuriant and shady grove. Of animal life, I noticed some small birds, ants, spiders, flies, ticks, and beetles, though their numbers were few. At one spot where we measured it, the brook was 1.54 m. broad, had a mean
* Generally incorrectly pronounced as Taltik-bulak.
IIIFカラー高解像度
