IIIFカラー高解像度
国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
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| IIIFカラー高解像度 |
| Scientific Results of a Journey in Central Asia, 1899-1902 : vol.3 | |
| 1899-1902年の中央アジア旅行における科学的成果 : vol.3 |
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引用情報
THE KUM-KÖL LAKES. 61
~,~
FS-
m. too high.* South of this pass he crossed a rivière gelée which entered the Lac qui ne gèle pas, a very unsuitable name, first given by Prschevalskij, who discovered it; its real name is the Ajagh-kum-köl. But Bonvalot's map conveys no hint of any upper lake from which the »frozen river» could issue.
Carey also travelled by the same route over Usun-schor, Bagh-tokaj, and Ambanaschkan-davan, but instead of continuing on to the south, he turned to the south-east along the northern bank of the »Kum-kul-darja», the breadth of which he estimates at 150 yards; then further along the northern shore of the Kum-köl, to which he assigns no name; after that along its eastern shore, crossing the spring-fed stream from Bulak-baschi; then, still going round the lake, a short distance west; and finally he went on farther towards the south-south-east. His reason for making this long detour was that he found it impossible to get across the Kum-köl-darja. Nor was he able to cross the stream from Bulak-baschi near the lake, but had to go a considerable distance up it, probably to Bulak-baschi itself, before getting over. This piece of country he traversed in the end of May, at which time the ground is already soft; but Bonvalot, travelling in December, had no difficulty in crossing the Kumköl-darja, for it was then, as he says, a rivière gelée. The lower lake into which this stream empties is called the Tschong-kum-köl on Carey's map; and that is far more reasonable than to apply the name, as Roborovskij does, to the upper, smaller lake, for Tschong-kum-köl means the Large Sand Lake, »large» of course by comparison with the other, smaller lake.
Although Carey's map was published four years before Bonvalot's, namely in 1887 as compared with 1891, it is nevertheless far better than its successor. With regard to the Upper Kum-köl, Roborovskij's map is not only no improvement upon Carey's but it actually distorts the lake altogether, first by giving it an utterly erroneous shape, and in the second place by prolonging its eastern end all the way to the meridian of Schapka Monomacha, that is to say three quarters of a degree too far to the east. He says: »The lake of Tschong-kum-köl lies at the southern foot of the lofty range of Kalta-lagan and has a length from east to west of 5o versts and a breadth of 12 versts.** It contains fresh water and is fed by a great number of springs, which exist on its south-eastern shore in the district of Karatschuka. The lake of Tschong-kum-köl discharges by the large stream of Kallautagh, which is joined on its left by the Chal-saj, the Ischak-kaschti, and the Turnenlik; these however only reach it at the high-water period.»*** According to Carey's map the lake has a length of full II km. and a breadth of at the most 3 km. Since now Carey not only travelled beside the lake, but also in part round it, and consequently saw it with his own eyes, which Roborovskij did not, why is it, we ask, that Carey's observations were not incorporated in the Russian map ? Carey's observations ought at any rate to be considered more trustworthy than the faulty information that the natives give, especially when that information has to be filtered through an interpreter, who may easily misunderstand what the informant says. On a map that is published on the scale of »20 versts to an inch», one has at least a
* Carey's estimate is 14,000 feet or 4270 m.
** According to the map its length is 6o versts and its breadth 14. ***Trudij Tibetskoj Ekspeditszj, III p. 53.
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