The water is slightly brackish, but drinkable in case of necessity. At the western shore where the little brook from the pass and several springs went out into the lake, the water was fresher than in the middle of the lake. Regarding the N. W. shore-line my men reported that the mountains north of Camp XV at one or two places proceeded very near to the shore, which otherwise was soft, undulating ground. In the gravel a beach-line was seen, of the same kind as the one at Camp XV or about 5 m. above the surface of the lake. At some places it was pierced by ravines, at others springs came up. To the north the level shore belt was fairly broad. At Camnft XVI a brook flowed down to the lake, the bed of which seemed to have carried much water in summer and consisted of hard gravel. It pierces the terrace and forms small oblong lagoons. Around the lowest course of the brook the ground was perfectly barren, but a little higher up around the camp, there was even better grass than at Camp XV.
At 8.20 p. m. half a W. S. W. storm again began to sweep over the region, and the constant drumming of wind-driven sand against the tent proved that the solid material is brought from far away. From Camp X VI, Pan. 3 2 A and 32B, Tab. 6, are taken showing a great perspectivic change in the general aspect of the southern range, and the rather uninteresting relief of the mountains bordering the lake basin to the north. Pan. 34 shows a small part of the southern range as seen from about the middle of the lake. The valley visible at about S. 2 5° W. is the same as the one below peak S. 42° E. on Pan. 3 LA.
Camp X VI was at about 5 m. above the surface of the lake. To the S. i 5° E. the dark end of a terrace was visible on or near the southern shore of the lake. To this I steered my course, on September 21st, across the lake. From Camp XV the same dark terrace end had seemed to be situated at the eastern end of the lake. This is a very common mistake with these plateau lakes. Generally one estimates them too short, but sometimes the mirage makes them endless and they look rather like a bay from an ocean. At I r a. m. it was 6.2° in the lake, a temperature which rose in the course of the warm and perfectly clear day. To the taste the water was, as I have said before, slightly brackish, but the areometer stood as in fresh water. The breadth of the lake proved here to be 7 km. Already at half an hour from the shore the depth was 3 5.1 m., and a quarter of an hour more, 49.0 m. At the next sounding, after another 15 minutes, the lead-line of 63.2 m. in length did not reach the bottom. My earlier experience in Tibet had proved, even in Lake Pangg-ong, that 5o m. were quite sufficient. This lake proved to be an exception. At i o'clock in the middle of the lake the temperature of the water was 7°. Once every quarter of an hour a new sounding was taken, and at five such points in all no bottom was reached with the 63.2 m. lead-line. Half an hour from the northern shore the depth was 29.0 m. and a quarter of an hour from the shore
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