IIIFカラー高解像度
国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
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| IIIFカラー高解像度 |
| Southern Tibet : vol.4 | |
| 南チベット : vol.4 |
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引用情報
FROM GARTOK TO THE JUNCTION WITH THE SINGI-KAMBA.
190
prove to be greater than that of the Singi-kamba. The Ladak Range is higher and more exposed to the monsoon rains than the Transhimalaya, and, therefore, catches a greater amount of the precipitation than the mountains farther north-east.
But, on the other hand, the drainage area of the Singi-kamba is much more extensive, and the average height of its level will probably be somewhat higher than that of the Gartang. Further : it is certain that a greater amount of snow falls on the Ladak Range than on the Transhimalaya during the winter months. The spring
flood will thus be greater in the Gartang than in the Singi-kamba. From the Tibetans, it is of course impossible to get any useful information in this respect. Most of them said that both rivers were very swollen during the rainy season, and that they were of the same size. Other informants asserted that the Gartang, in summer, was the bigger of the two. Very likely the relation may change from day
to day, depending upon the distribution of the rainfall.
When merely looking at the map, a geographical student would feel tempted
to believe that the Gartang is the main river, and the Singi-kamba only a second class tributary. For the valley of the Gartang is much broader and does not in the least change its direction after the junction. It, therefore, seems as if the Gartang, being the most powerful river, dictates the direction of the joint river. But such a conclusion would be a mistake, for the Gartang flows in a tectonic valley, whereas the lower part of the Singi-kamba flows in an erosion valley piercing the Transhimalaya in a transverse gorge. At the very junction, it is, as I have said before, easy to see that the Singi-kamba is the most powerful of the two, for it forces its way diagonally across the tectonic valley and presses the Gartang to the very base of the Ladak Range, reminding the latter river, as it were, of its inferior rank of a tributary. If the Gartang were the more powerful, it would easily be able to keep its ground along the right side of the valley, as it does above the junction.
At 6 o'clock a. m. , of November 12M, the greater part of the different branches was again covered with ice. Along the banks the ice ribbons were strong. In the middle, there were open passages where heaps of drift ice came down. At 2 o'clock p. m. the greater part of the ice had again begun to move, but already at 7 o'clock, ice floes again came swimming down and the rivers began to freeze for the night. After a few days the whole river would freeze from bank to bank, without any open water at all.
It may have been exceptional, but the climate at the junction was much milder than even at Langmar, though the distance is so short and the difference in absolute altitude nearly none. The minimum temperature of the night only fell to —14.6°, though the next night it again was at —19.2°. Both evenings very strong W. S. W. winds blew, coming like cascades down across the Ladak Range.
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