| PASSES AT THE SIDES OF THE UPPER SATLEJ. 313 cultivated. Below it on the same side, two or three larger manis have been built. Then the river is pressed together to a very narrow stream of water which rushes down through its rocky bed with tremendous foaming and roaring and in a series of white, boiling rapids. At the wooden bridge, the river is only 13.I m. broad. A short distance below the bridge the Satlej again becomes broad and comparatively shallow and the velocity is slow. At the right bridge-head , there is a red shorten. The monastery Chung-lung-gompa or Kyung-lung, is built at about I oo m. above the river on the top of a terrace, the sides of which have been modelled out in a most fantastic way by the rain and erosion. The location reminds one very much of the monastery of Lama-yuru in Ladak. Below the gomma there are several shortens and manis. Several grottoes and holes in the terrace walls seem to have been used as dwelling places. A little below the bridge we camped on a meadow at the left bank, some 2 0 m. above the river. On August 5th, we travelled 21.3 km. south of the Satlej. Our Camp CCCCLXIII at Chung-lung-gor j5a, was at an altitude of 4,2 59 m., Camp CCCCLXIV was at 4,270 m. Between the two, we crossed a pass, Munto-mangbo-la, of 4,534 m. From our meadow we went down to the river, leaving the gom/5a to our right and 5 tents to our left. For an hour the road follows along the left bank. The Satlej is here imposing, working its way between steep hills and sometimes there is hardly room enough left for the road. Small transverse valleys enter from both sides, springs are numerous and the ground occasionally swampy. We reach a point where the river again enters a very narrow gorge between perpendicular and partly overhanging rocks. The whole mass of water presses against the left side and forces the path to leave the course of the river. We, therefore, ascend the hills to the left of the Satlej; it goes steeply up to a considerable height, the gorge of the river is seen deeper and deeper below our feet, and the distance from it increases. We ascend higher and higher. Finally we reach the flat and gravelly secondary pass, Munto-mangbo-la, at 4,534 m. Near it, several cairns were built. From here the gorge of the Langchen-karnba, as the Satlej is called by the Tibetans, is seen like a deep canon in the earth's crust, but not the river itselt. From the pass the slope down is gradual. A series of cairns is passed again. From the last one of these, the descent becomes very steep down to a deep-cut valley where the height is 4,342 m., or nearly 2 00 m. below the pass. This tributary from the left or south to the Satlej, is like a canon, and receives several small tributaries from the right; it contained a little brook generally flowing below the gravel in the bed. The path then follows the bottom of this valley up towards the second pass of the day, being 4,483 m. high, and also marked by some cairns. At a short distance from it, we have more dominating peaks both to the north and south. 40. IV. | | |
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