| | | The ground of the valley is a little undulating, hard and comfortable, though here and there destroyed by rabbits' holes. The tussock-grass is somewhat higher than before, but more rare than in regions farther north. The mountains to the right side of the valley are pierced by several transverse gorges with screes of gravel at their mouths. Kyangs are very numerous ; we had never seen so many animals of this kind gathered on so small an area. At one or two places ice-sheets again appeared in the bed, and finally we passed a very abundant spring forming a regular brook of fine clear fresh water which a little lower down flowed between narrow ice-sheets which by and by grow broader and finally fill the whole bed. Here Camp LXXIV was pitched. The place, according to the shepherds, was called Bog ay yang; the name Niring-tsangpo, they had never heard; therefore it is not put on my map. The flocks of sheep and yaks they were watching belonged to a well-to-do nomad farther south, whose tents were situated on our road. Pan. 82A and 82B, Tab. 13, gives an idea of the surrounding mountains. To the N. E. is the valley by which we had come down , to the east and S. E. the mountains at the left side of the valley, to the south the continuation of the latter, and to the S. W., west, N. W. and north the mountains at the right side of the valley. To the south the country seems to be low and open , though bounded far away by low ridges and ranges chiefly running east and west. The next day's march, on November 291h, takes us i 2.5 km. south and from 4,643 to 4,503 m. or a fall of 140 m., which gives the relation of I : 89. This is interesting in so far that Camp LXXV with its height of 4,503 m. is the lowest camp on the whole crossing through the great Tibetan plateau-land. We had not been so low as here ever since a point a little above Pobrang, and even in the deep-cut valley of the Chang--chenmo we had been at a somewhat higher altitude than at Camp LXXV. South of Camp LXXV we again began to rise gradually, and we had to proceed the whole way to the central parts of Transhimalaya, at Bup-chu, between Chesang-la and Dangbo-la, and between Camps CXX and CXXI, before we again descended to such a low level. Even the valley of Bogtsang-tsangpo is no exception to this rule, for the lake Dag/se-Iso into which this river flows, has a height of 4,544 m. During my earlier journeys on the plateau-land of Chang-tang proper I had never found any point at such a low altitude as 4,503 m. Therefore, the region around Camp LXXV must be regarded as a quite exceptionally low depression. On the other hand, it must be remembered that 4,503 m. is always a rather considerable height in itself, and that a difference of 200 or 30o m. more or less is not very much. From Camps LXXIII and LXXIV, one sees and feels, of course, that the country is falling in the direction of the road. Otherwise, the features of the landscape are about the same as elsewhere. One difference is, it is true, that here a regular river with well-eroded terraces is directed to the depression. |
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