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0162 Southern Tibet : vol.4
南チベット : vol.4
Southern Tibet : vol.4 / 162 ページ(カラー画像)

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doi: 10.20676/00000263
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74   CROSSING THE KOKO-SHILI RANGES.

the east, but had not, so far, been met with in these parts of the country. On the east side of the great bed the grass came to an end, and the soft plain was barren except for a few yapkak plants. But the barrenness continued only for two or three kilometers, and at the foot of the eastern hills the ground was quite yellow with good grass, though dry and hard as usual. At two or three places springs came up with brackish water; but the ice-sheets around them were fresh. The place was often visited by yaks and kyangs as their dung was abundant. To the north and N. E. moderately pyramidal, though flat peaks bounded the basin.

Pan. 5 5 A and 55B, Tab. 9 taken from Camp XL, shows the shallow depression to the S. S. W., S. W. and west and all the hills and ranges surrounding the camp.

On October z 6th the march was only 8 km. E. S. E. to Camp XLI situated at a height of 5,061 m. and showing a rise of 61 m. from the previous camp, or a rate of I : 131.

A short distance beyond Canaj5 XL, there is a large erosion bed, with a 2 or

3 m. high terrace at its right side, obviously being the principal watercourse of the region, which is joined by the others in the neighbourhood. It had a narrow ribbon of ice along the terrace where the depth of the bed is greatest, and this ice continued the whole way down to the S. W. and S. S. W. and finally to the dry lake. Here the living rock is limestone-breccia. Beyond this bed we cross open country for a few kilometers, a region that probably may be regarded as part of an irregular latitudinal valley. The ground is soft sand and fine gravel. To the south abundant grass is seen at the foot of the hills, which there bound the plain. Several shallow furrows are crossed, all obviously joining and piercing the western hills and finally destined to the lake.

On the eastern side of the plain we enter a valley between rounded hills of soft yellow material. The higher hills on both sides are red and built up of limestonebreccia. From both sides small tributary valleys open, some of them containing

1#   frozen brooks. To the S. S. E., south and S. W. a black range is seen that must

be avoided by marching east of it. Our valley has now a width of I oo m. and is sharply bounded by hills. Grass is abundant everywhere and there is a large quantity of yak's and kyang's dung. The valley turns around and our route runs E. S. E., S. E., east, N. E., N. N. E. and finally north. At Camp XLI the rocks of

red limestone-breccia fall steeply down to the bed, which is filled by grey gravel and

sand. In the neighbourhood, wild yaks were grazing.   2

During the following seven days' marches we cross a flat irregular protuberance of the plateau-land. During five of these days the height constantly becomes more considerable, whilst during the last two days it again slowly goes downward. On October 17th our direction is S. E. for 14.3 km. The height of Camp XLII is 5,247 m., or 186 m. above Camp XLI. The rate of the rise is thus as 1 : 77.