| THE ROAD TO BOGTSANG-TSANGPO. 99 On November t 6tii our route goes 13 km. S. S. E. Camp LXIII is at a height of 5,211 m. or 173 m. above Camp LXII, giving a rise of the ground as I : 7 5. The weather still remained favourable after a minimum temperature of — 2 5.9°. The road slowly ascends up through the flat and open valley along the base of hills which everywhere consist of soft material, sand and dust, and are covered with grass. Many fireplaces are passed ; the region is so favourable that one may camp anywhere. Now, however, there was no water and no ice in the valley until we reached Cainfi LXIII. The valley is bordered by mountains of very moderate height, all of them with soft rounded slopes. At some places yaks and kyangs are seen. Obviously these animals avoid the cold northern regions in winter and move to the central parts of the highlands. In summer there is a brook of running water, as could easily be seen from the bed winding in the valley. During several kilometers we left it to the east of our route. At about the first third of the march we passed a little spur of living rock, being a dirty greyish chloritic mass impossible to identify on account of its advanced state of decay. The only names mentioned during this day were: Tarik-gangri visible S. 8o° W. from Camnj LXII and, farther west, or S. 89° W. from the same camp, Dseneg-osam, both of them with some snow on the top, probably perennial. Kang-lemär was said to be the name of that part of Mayu -gangri from which a glacier originated from eternal snow fields ; though this is rather a general signification than a nomen proprZum. In the course of the day's march the partly snow-covered Seoyunna unfolded its details to our right. During the marches and at camp, our two Tibetans, Putsuk and Tsering Dava, gave us some proofs of their geographical knowledge of their country. Though it is, of course, impossible to fix the position of the objects given, it may still be of some value to save the mere names from oblivion. Fourteen days to the S. W., in the district of Horcllan, the following mines were reported as being situated : Yaclzen, gold and copper, Lung--inarö, gold and copper, Afullbeh, silver and copper, Nipsukungka, gold, silver and copper. As the two men accompanied us only to Camp LXIV, it might be interesting to mention the names of the places at which we, according to their proposed itinerary, ought to pass the nights. For natives knowing their whereabouts everywhere in this intricate labyrinth of mountains and valleys, it is easy to say : at that and that place you have to pitch your camp. But to foreigners, who are the first in the region, it is very difficult to follow the march-route proposed. We had told them we were bound for Bogtsang-tsangpo, and so far as they knew the road, they gave us the names. It is easy to understand that we, without guides, could not possibly camp at the places proposed by the Tibetans. For we always camped |
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