side of the Kailas. At 2 km. from Cam CCCCL VI, our road crossed a rather insignificant depression with swampy ground which farther S. E., contained some pools of stagnant water. This was the old bed of the Satlej. Then it was left out of sight until Cam CCCCL VI, Serle yung , which was pitched at the left side of the Sallej bed. Here it contained both pools and springs, though the water was not good. According to my instruments, the absolute altitude of the place was 4,585 m. This would be 4 m. below the surface of Rakas-lal, and we would have passed the little threshold, from which the Satlej bed begins to fall N. W.
As the hypsometrical relations along the valley of the Satlej are of great interest, and give a very clear conception of the accentuated relief, I am going to give the distances and absolute altitudes of the following stages. We have just left the Manasarovar with 4,602 m. and Rakas-lal with 4,589 m., and our journey from Tokchen to Serlef yungç has been accomplished at approximately the same altitude, or on the platform of a high plateau-land surrounded by gigantic mountains. We have found that the plateau-land of Manasarovar was somewhat higher than certain parts of the Chang-tang plateau, for instance, between Carps CCCLXVII and CCCLXVIII. From the mountains surrounding the Sacred Lake, the Bralzmaj5ulra, the Indus and the Satlej take their rise, their upper courses and their upper tributaries belonging to what v. Richthofen calls the peripheric region, inside of which is the great self-contained area of Central Asia. The greater part of my journey falls within the boundaries of the latter area. My journey along the Satlej, traverses a mountainous country, a part of Himalaya, that is typically peripheric. The road I took is well-known since many years, and has been described several times. Still I enter my own geographical, topographical and hypsometrical observations, or, at any rate, their principal features, in order not to miss the opportunity of giving an example of the great morphological difference between the plateau-land with the horizontal lines prevailing, and the peripheric region with the vertical, or at least very steep lines, prevailing. The profile line of the route, of course, becomes very irregular on account of its not running along the river itself, which would be impossible, as the river flows, for long distances, in deep-cut gorges with vertical rocks. It runs wherever it is possible, between hills and across passes at the sides of the river. Therefore, though the road as a whole goes down, it sometimes happens that a certain camp has a greater altitude than the one preceding. During the first stages from Serlep yung, where the slope downwards begins, the fall is very gradual, sometimes insignificant, though not quite as gentle as the Gar/ong and Upper Indus. The great differences of altitude belong to the latter half of the road.
Thus the section from Serlep yang- or Caiizp CCCCL VI, on a march of 13 km., on 7uly 29111, 1908, to Chukta-lung-fta or Camp CCCCL VII, the ground rises from 4,585 m. to 4,615 m. or 3o m. which is a rate of only 1:433. The rise of the 39. IV.
IIIFカラー高解像度
