| | Dungtsa-tso to our left. Near the lake there were many granite boulders at the foot of the hills. The lake was quite frozen over, the ice beautiful, partly transparent, partly white from air-bubbles, and too thick to let us examine the quality of the water, which, however, no doubt was fresh as the Tibetans had told us. Hares, rabbits, ravens and some small birds were seen, but no big game. The height is 4,973 m. We follow the shore first to the S. W., then to the S. E. and ascend a little pass some 5o m. above the lake from the southern side of which a little valley goes to the south; in its lower part there are ice-sheets. On the hills at its sides were seen two flocks of sheep, 22 ponies and a number of yaks, as well as one black tent. Lower down in the valley near our Cavil LXV were 5 Tibetan tents and several sheepfolds of stone with their convexities turned up the valley to the north. Just S. E. of the camp there is a little salt lake , from which the Tibetans of the region fetch their necessary provision of salt. At its northern shore large flocks of sheep were seen and many yaks. At no great distance from the latter some 8o kyangs were grazing. At the western shore, there was a fine freshwater spring. The Tibetans of this place had arrived I o days ago and were natives from Gertse. They intended to stay here for about three months ; after which lapse of time they wander hither and thither in valleys where the grazing is good. In the beginning of summer they return to Gertse. Their six tents were said to have 4o inhabitants in all. They possessed about I ,000 sheep, 6o yaks and 4o ponies together and, therefore, were comparatively well off. They were rather to be regarded as shepherds than as hunters, though, of course, they hunt occasionally. The geographical names we got from our first Tibetans now proved to be correct. The mountains to the east thus were said to be called Ngemba-dungtsa, and the mass to the west Chi pclia-karrno, though this name now was pronounced like Chupclza-karna. Regarding the small lakes, there was a difference in the informations we had obtained, for the Tibetans of Camp LXV said that the little salt lake was the Dungtsa-tso proper. It may be that this version is the more correct one, for one could see around the white shores how the Tibetans had dug out heaps of salt, which is probably taken from here by sheep caravans in summer. The little lake may, therefore, have a certain economic importance, and under such conditions it would seem natural that it had a name of its own. No other geographical names of this place were known to these Tibetans. They reckoned I o short days' marches to Bogtsang tsangpo, which proves that they are accustomed to make longer marches than we were, for in fact we took 15 days to reach the river. To Dangra yum-tso they reckoned 20 short days. Of the latter lake they gave the curious description that it was divided into two halves with a mount between them; there were said to be four monasteries on its shores. | | |
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