NEW MOUNTAIN RANGES. Io9
A double-peaked red mount to the E. S. E. was called Kong-rg-eng. An idea of the surrounding landscape is gained from Pan. 72A and 72B, Tab. I 1, showing rounded hills of moderate size in all directions. Boulders near the camp consisted of mica-granite as described by Prof. Hennig in Vol. V, p. 3o and Tab. I, i and 2. The same specimen is found in living rock on Chakchom-la.
On November 21s1 our march was 9.2 km. to the S. S. E. whereby we again had to rise 24 I m. or to 5,169 m. which was the height of Camp LXVII, meaning the unusually steep rate of i :38. Crossing the chief bed from the west and leaving two fresh-water pools to our left we cross the slowly rising grass plain to the foot of the southern hills where we ascend a little valley to the S. S. E. The region, especially the plain, is very rich in kyangs which are not in the least shy, and seem to be left alone by the nomads. The rock higher up in the valley is greenstone. The ascent becomes gradually steeper, and the caravan advances very slowly. Finally we reach the culmination, which is rather a flat platform of nearly the same height as Camp LXVII, or 5,169 m. Here a short panorama, Nr. 74, Tab. I I , was drawn, showing the range Keling tavo-amchuk to the E. N. E., east and E. S. E. Between us and this range there is a depression or plain, the northern part of which is crossed by the principal erosion bed from the pass and its surroundings; this bed probably runs to a lake somewhere in the N. E. To the N. 72° W. is a mountain called Tarik-gangri, which is not the same as the one west of the road between Camps LXII and LXIII. The latter is shown on the map, Pl. 5, as an isolated peak. This peak is no doubt a more prominent part of a range stretching to the south and being more or less parallel to the Seo yunna, Under such circumstances the name Tarik-gangri belongs not only to a peak but to a range which is seen only partly from different points of our route. The snow-mount, Mayu gangri, mentioned above, was still visible, now to the N. 38° E., and Cheagovo-rachek to the N. 49° E. In a country like Tibet where the mountains are comparatively low above the surface of the plateau-land, rounded and irregular, it is, as a rule, very difficult to tell how or whether the different groups, masses, ridges and ranges are connected with each other. One must feel satisfied if one can make out the principal orographical features in the neighbourhood of the route.
S. E. of the flat threshold, there were signs of a few abandoned Tibetan camps; and now finally we entered a very well-marked road consisting of some twenty more or less parallel paths in the soft soil. The two Tibetans who now were our guides told us that only one month ago the last gold-diggers from the regions we had left behind us and other places at the sides of our route, had passed by this road. The same road is also used by wandering salt merchants who dig out salt from such lakes as the southern Dungtsa-Iso of Camp LX V, and transport it on sheep to Shig-alse and Lhasa. Three or four thousand sheep and several hundred yaks were
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