IIIFカラー高解像度
国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
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| Ancient Khotan : vol.1 | |
| 古代コータン : vol.1 |
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引用情報
Sec. v] BUDDHIST SITES DESCRIBED BY HSÜAN-TSÄNG 231
Hsüan-tsang but also by Sung Yün, the Pd shih, and other historical texts, as well as by the `Annals of Li-yul'.
According to the account uniformly told in the Hsi yü-chi as well as in the ` Life ' there stood to the south of the royal city at a distance of io li a large convent built by an ancient king in honour of the Arhat Vairocana (131-1u-chê-na), to whom was attributed the introduction of Buddhism into Khotan 34. In old days, when the law of Buddha had not yet reached the country, the Arhat came to this spot from Kashmir, and in a wood practised meditation. When the king, informed of his strange appearance and dress, came to see him the Arhat discoursed to him of the boons of Tathâgata's doctrine, and exhorted him to follow the Law. The king offered to believe in Buddha if he could see his appearance ; and Vairocana promised fulfilment of his desire after the building of a convent. The convent was accordingly built, and A. great assembly of monks had gathered, but as yet there was no ghantd to call together the congregation. When the king then inquired for the promised appearance there suddenly descended from heaven an image of Buddha presenting a ghantâ. Thereupon the king became confirmed in the faith and eager for its propagation. Hsüan-tsang's biographer, on concluding the story, specially notes that this convent was thus the first built in the kingdom.
Sung Yün has left us a record of the same shrine, which in several respects is of special interest 35. The king of Khotan, so we are told, was not a believer in the law of Buddha when a merchant brought a Bhiksu called Vairocana (Fi-lu-chan) to a spot under an apricot tree south of the city. When he announced to the king that he had brought a Sramana from abroad the prince became very angry, and proceeded at once to see Vairocana. The latter thereupon
announced that he had been sent by Tathâgata to exhort the king to build a Stûpa of
the turned-up Tatra [shape], and thus to gain religious blessings. The king promised to obey
if he were allowed to see Buddha. Thereupon Vairocana sounded a bell, and Buddha sent
Râhula, who appeared to the king in the form of Buddha himself, The king prostrated himself
at the sight, and built at the foot of the apricot tree a structure to serve as a temple, with
a representation of Râhula, but this structure suddenly disappeared of itself. Thereupon the
king built a new Vihâra to shelter the image, in such a way that the image, though placed
under the turned-up patra, appeared constantly outside—a miracle which greatly benefited the
spiritual state of all beholders. Near this place the shoes of a Pratyekabuddha (Pi-chih-fo)
were seen, miraculously preserved without any alteration, of neither leather nor silk, but of an
unknown substance.
The learned comments of M. Chavannes have removed the obscurities which beset Sung Stûpa of the Yün's account of this shrine in earlier versions. At the same time M. Foucher, by a convincing ;Ituirraned-up reference, already quoted in a preceding chapter, to a passage of the Hsi yü-chi 36, has made it
clear that by the ` turned-up. j5atra' is meant a Stûpa dome of the orthodox shape, originally
hemispherical. The miracle, which appears to have made the sacred image enclosed in the
Stûpa dome visible to the eyes of pious visitors on frequent occasions, is also capable of
explanation in view of certain structural features which have been noted elsewhere in extant Stûpa
ruins or in descriptions by the Chinese pilgrims 37. Thus Sung Yün's notice, besides confirming
Hsüan-tsang's account of the origin of Vairocana's shrine, supplements it by some interesting
Sung Yün's version of legend.
$4 See Mlmoires, ii. 227 sqq. ; Vie, pp. 282 sqq. ; Si yu-ki, ii. pp. 312 sq. ; Ville de Khotan, pp. 4o sqq.
Julien translates, ` premier roi,' but the interpretation given above from Beal and Rémusat's versions is evidently more correct ; see, below, the Tibetan version.
85 See Chavannes, Voyage de Song Yun, pp. r 7 sq.
$6 See above, p. 83, Siyu-ki, i. P. 47 ; also L'Art du Gandhdra, p. 53.
87 Foucher, L'Art du Gandhdra, pp. 86 sq.
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