512 GENERAL HYDROGRAPHY OF THE TARIM SYSTEM.
in the toghrak forest, and is very distinct. Next they made their way across a belt of sand to the Talaj-jatghan-tarim and Schukurning-kölning-koschluschi, evidently the ends of the canals from this lake, which is situated on the left bank of the Tarim. The same thing applies to the Kodajlik-köl. Finally they followed the Talaj-jatghantarim until they reached the camping-ground of Bisch-toghrak.
On the twentieth day a ride of 65 minutes brought them to the Kotschkatschiköl, which according to Tschernoff's map ought to be regarded as a lake-like expansion of the river-arm just named, rather than as a marginal lake embedded in the sand, although it is possible that there may also be a lake of the same name in the sand to the south. After riding for another 65 minutes they came to the Chodscha-tutghan-köl which may possibly be identical with my Ghodsche-tutghutschköl, though this again is delineated as being a lake-like expansion. All the way the travellers had on the south the high barren sand. Beside the river were the ordinary vegetation and toghrak forest, but the age and density of this last are not stated. The next place they came to was Tschong-tarimning-koschluschi, that is the point where the Talaj-jatghan-tarim unites with the main stream. The Java Muhamedbasch-köl is the next name that occurs; this is a true desert-lake. They followed its western and southern shores for 13/4 hours. South of it there is said to be a dry bajir with toghrak and kamisch growing in it. Then crossing over an isthmus of sand, they came to another Tschapghan-köl, likewise embedded in sand.
On the twenty-first day the travellers passed over the upper Ettek-tarim and a belt of sand, and so came to the Kona-kuruk-ettek-köl, a now desiccated lake overgrown with vegetation, but formerly fed from the Ettek-tarim. After that they passed the well-known hill at Almontschuk, and encamped at Kultschakning-uji beside a small lake, probably a boldschemal.
The twenty-second day was devoted to an excursion towards the east, to the Karaune-tokkanlik-köl, a lake abounding in kamisch and jäkän, and with a large island in the middle, crowded with tamarisk-mounds, and here and there toghrak groves; a stream enters the lake at the north and issues from it again at the south. This is the lake mentioned on p. 208 of vol. I under the name of the Karaunetokkan-köl. From that point they returned to the hill of Almontschuk, which I estimated (vol. I, p. 207) at Io m. high, judging by the eye; but Tschernoff says that it is 9 sashen high (19 m.), though I doubt whether he measured the actual vertical height. He states that the circumference at the base measures 117 sashen.
From that point the expedition returned to Tscharklik by the route already described. Starting at the abôve-named Jäkän-okuluk they rode for 21/2 hours across the delta land of the Tarim as far as Tikenlik, passing on the way the Girlang-köl (on the ice), Tätir-ilek, Gildermak, and Chan Darinning-osesi.
Whilst waiting at Tikenlik Tschernoff contrived to make a trip to the Maltakköl lakes, that is the extensive marshy tract, whence such a great part of the water of the Kontsche-darja issues to join the Kuntschekisch-tarim. This marsh and its lakes can only be visited in winter, when they can be approached on the ice. Although the map he made of this lake region is not sufficiently reliable, nevertheless the names will always possess a certain amount of interest, and his list supplements the one which I have given on p. 507 of vol. I.
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