国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

66   INDEX

more probably 1201. According to the Cho-kêng lu, the final enthronement ought to be dated in January 1207, according to Rasid, in the spring of 1206; both are not binding. See p. 295-296.

CINGHIS (Chinghiz-khan and Ong-khan's Daughter) : according to Vincent de Beauvais, André de Longjumeau and Bar-Hebraeus, Chinghiz-khan married a daughter of Ong-khan. Chinghiz-khan did not marry the daughter, but a niece of Ong-khan, Ibaka-biiki, daughter of jagambu. The marriage of Chinghiz-khan and his sons with women of Ong-khan's family all took place after the latter's death. In the life-time of Ong-khan, projects of unions between both families fell through owing to his ill-will; Polo's statement may be an echo of it. See p. 303-304.

CINGHIS (the name Tämüin) : this is Chinghiz-khan's real name. According to the early Mongol tradition, it was the name of a Tatar chief defeated by his father. The name occurs as T'ieh-mu-chên, T'ê-mu-chên in Chinese sources. Opinions have been at variance on this name. Rasidu-'d-Din gives the correct Mongol form; earlier Mussulman sources give Tämür)i, Tämüréî; tämüréi in Turkish, tämürei, tämürein in Mongolian means « blacksmith »; it may be that the Turkish form of « Tämü;in » was not an erroneous equivalence and that the meaning « smith » was attached to the name. It would seem that it survived as a proper name until the 17th cent. See p. 289-291.

CINGHIS (the other imperial tombs of the Mongol dynasty) : the Ch'i-lien-shan mentioned north of Kuei-hua-ch'êng must be one of the local names of the Wêng-kung-shan; there is no reason to suppose that there may have been there the burial ground of any Chinghizkhanid at all. The only texts which are really puzzling as to the

location of the Mongol Imperial tombs are those of the Sung envoys P'êng Ta-ya and Hsü T'ing, but they are not of such a nature as to overrule the evidence found in Rasidu-'dDin and in the YS. It is practically certain that Chinghizkhan and the line of Tolui, including Qubilai, were buried on the Burqan-qaldun, alias the Ch'i-lien Valley.

See p. 353-363.

CINGHIS (the place of Chinghizkhan's death) : according to YS, Chinghiz-khan died at the « hsing-kung of Ha-lao-t'u of the Sa-Ii-ch'uan » (« Sa-li Valley »). A second Chinese tradition makes Chinghiz died at the Liup'an-shan; Rasidu-'d-Din also says that Chinghiz died at the Lin-ban-san (Lin-pän-san). The place name in Mongolia corresponding to the « Sa-li Valley » of the Chinese texts is always written Sa'ari-kä'är in the Secret History. The Sa-lich'ieh-êrh (the Sa'ari-kä'är of Chinghiz-khan) is the Shuangch'üan-hai, which is to be connected with the Ko-lao-t'ai Lake west of the Kerulen. The four ordos of Chinghiz were in Mongolia; the « Ha-lao-t'u hsing-kung of the Sa-li Valley » of the YS is the yala'utu-ordo of Sa-ari-kä'är in Mongolia. Chinghiz-khan died south of the Liu-p'an-shan within the jurisdiction of the hsien of Ch'ing-shui, but immediately his coffin was carried to the yala'utu-ordo of Sa'ari-kä'är.

See p. 309-330.

CINGHIS (the title « Chinghizkhan ») : whether adopted at the end of the 12th cent. or in 1203 or in 1206, the title « Cinggis-khan » has been explained in different ways. « Cinggis » (« Ch'êng-chi-ssû ») has nothing to do with t'ien-tz'ä nor t'ien-tzû. It is not the plural of Z`in (Rasid). It is probable that « Cingg,is » is derived from the Turk. tängiz, « sea ». There is no doubt that Chinghiz-khan intended that he should be consi-

dered sovereign of the universel « Cinggis » is probably an epithet, or name, not a title. In Mongolian, Chinghiz-khan is never called « Cinggis », but « Cinggis-ban » or « Cinggis-qa' an ». Cinggis-qa'an is due to a later alteration of inggis-qan. See p. 296-303.

CINGHIS (the title of l°a'ut-quri). in 1194 or more probably 1196, the Chin gave to Tämüjin a title which has often been misread and misinterpreted. The title is given in Chinese as Ch'a wu t'u lu, ch'a-kun-t'u-lu, ch'a-wu-hu-lu. The Ulan-Bator ms. gives lay-un-törö (°türü). In the Secret History, cha-wut'i-hu-li, ch'a-wu-t'i-hu-li suppose Mong. originals *Ja'utquri and *ea'utquri. Rasidu-'d-Din gives Jdat-gnri (Cant-gnri). The ;a'ut-quri was different from the chao-t'ao-shih and ranked below him. The explanation of Ja'utquri as « centurion », « head of a century » is probably etymologically correct, but the title may have been of more importance in regard to Tämü)in. See p. 291-295.

CINGHIS (the tomb of Chinghizkhan) : the opinions concerning the place where Chinghiz-khan was buried are divergent. The YS says that Chinghiz was buried at the Ch'i-lien-ku; this is probably not a transcription, but means the « Valley » (ku) where this « Imperial hearse » (lien) was « raised » (ch'i) for burial. According to Rasidu-d'Din, the « great forbidden precinct » of Chinghiz-khan is at the Bürgan-galdnn; this must be the « Buddha-Cliff » at the source of the Onon; the Budaündür, mentioned in another text of Rasid, is another name of the Burgan-qaldun and the Burqatu-qan of the Altan-tobei. The Muna where the car with Chinghiz-khan's coffin stuck in the mud is the « Muni-ula » north of the Huang-ho. «Yäkäundui » in the Altan tobéi and « Yäkä-ütäk » in « Sanang Setsen » are corrupt for *Yäkäündür, another form of Budaündür, i, e. another name of