国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

72   INDEX

seas reached them as *kupâi < *kappai, itself < kapperst. See p. 433-442.

COTTON. KU-CHUNG : the only text in which the name occurs is the pseudo-Nan yüeh chih quotation by Li Shih-chên. The ku-chung t'eng (« creeper ») is hardly different from the ku-lü t'eng and one of the two forms must be a graphic corruption of the other.

The « ku-chung creeper » should disappear from Chinese botanical nomenclature.

See p. 456459.

COTTON. MU-MIEN : this was the designation of unwoven cotton and of the tree or plant which produced cotton; mu means vegetal in contradictinction to mien or ssü-mien, a floss-silk ».

The earliest mention of mu-mien occurs in the Wu-lu of Chang Po (end of the 3rd cent.). The now usual name of cotton, mien-hua, does not often occur before the second half of the 17th cent., but it is fairly ancient.

See p. 459-465.

COTTON. PAN-CHIH-HUA : this name, which also occurs by corruption as p'an-chih hua, may originally have been a name of Gossypium arboreum and was later used for the Bombax rnalabaricum.

It is often said to be the same as mu-mien.

See p. 479-483.

COTTON. PO-TIEH : a connection between Ch. po-tieh and Turk. pâlztâ cannot be retained. There is no reason to connect potieh with Central Asia.

The term is said to occur first in the Hou-Han shu; but the edict of Wên-ti mentioned in the T'ai p'ingyü-lanmayprovide the earliest instance of po-tieh. Tieh alone, and not po-tieh, is the direct continuation, in the 3rd. cent., of the former.

Ta and to as the designation of a cotton fabric.

Po is not a necessary constituent of the term and tieh alone was a sufficient designation of the textile.

Confusion has occured in the meaning of tieh; however, it has always been the name of a fabric of vegetable origin.

See p. 442-452.

COTTON. The Relative Meaning of KU-PEI (CHI-PEI) and PO-TIER : Both ku pei (chi-pei) and po-tieh soon became the designation of textiles and a distinction was made between them.

As the specific name of a particular fabric, ku pei was the coarse and po-tieh or tieh, the fine.

A distinction is hardly to be traced between them in Sung times, because po-tieh seems to have become an obsolete term by that time.

See p. 453-456.

COTTON. b`ALMALI : the word shan-po, given as a Sanskrit name of cotton (sâlmali), never existed ; it occurs as a catchword and is the apocopato name of a king of the Asura. The Chinese transcriptions of sàlmalt are based, not on sâ.lmalt itself (except she-lamo-li) but on forms without an -1- at the end of the first syllabe.

See p. 466-468.

COTTON. So-Lo : its most ancient and frequent use is to render Skr. Sala or sala, Shorea robusta.

It is used as the designation of the t'ien shi-li, i.e. the horse-chestnut, Aesculus chinensis. From T'ang times, it was adopted as a new name for the cotton tree of Yün-nan (also in the corrupt forms p'o-lo, po-lo) and is still in use nowadays.

A more ancient name of the cotton tree of Yün-nan is the so-called wu-t'ung tree.

So-lo, « cotton tree », is the transcription of Skr. säla, sala. Lolo sala was probably borrowed from so-lo.

See p. 468-479.

COTTON. TOU-Lo-MIEN . this is a first term which Chinese commentators have generally equated to cotton, and in which tou-lo transcribes Skr.

tuba.

attested in the first half of the 6th cent. in the region of Turfan by the Liang shu has found no counterpart in another oasis of Chinese Turkestan.

Cotton cultivation was already practised in Kuang-tung (and Hainan) and Fu-chien at the end of the 11th cent.

North-western China is mentioned for the first time as a cotton-growing region in the Nung shu; before 1276, the cultivation of cotton had spread to the region of the lower Yangtzü and to Ssû-ch'uan. The first mention of cotton cultivation in central China occurs in the YS.

The probabilities are that the cotton plant came to Chiang-nan from Hai-nan.

One century after Polo, the use of cotton was universally adopted.

See p. 484-507.

COTTON. KARPASA > KU-PEI : an usual Sanskrit word for cotton and cotton goods of any sort is karpâsa.

The Uighur word for cotton is käbäz, derived from a Prâkrit form of karpâsa (cf. Pali kappâsa).

Although Ch. po-tieh has been used as an equivalent of karpâsa > käbäz, its meaning was « cotton goods », the Uighur word for which was böz.

Modern Mongolian kübüng, « cotton » and Manchu kubun are probably borrowed from Ch. ku-pei.

Karpâsa reached China, from the south, in a transcription chipei or ku pei; ku pei is probably the primitive form.

Karpasa occurs in Chinese translations of Buddhist texts once as chieh-pei-so, usually as chiehpo-yü and chieh-pei; these forms are based on Prâkrit forms beginning like Pali kappâsa. Ku-pei would suppose *kupâi, which can easaily be reconciled with *kappai, corresponding to Pali kappasi; chi-pei would suppose *kirpâi < *Skr. kârpasi. The Indian name of the cotton which reached the Chinese in the 5th cent. from the southern